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Hendref a hafod

HENDREF A HAFOD 

Roedd dau gartref gyda hen fermwyr Cymru. Roedden nhw’n byw yn un o’r cartrefi yn yr haf. Enw’r cartref hwn oedd Hafod. Byddai’r Hafod ar ben y bryniau. Roedd digon o borfa ar ben y bryniau yn yr haf i’r defaid a’r gwartheg gael pori. 

Yn gynnar yn yr hydref, roedden nhw’n symud i lawr i’r dyffryn i fyw. Roedd yn fwy cysgodol yn y dyffryn yn y gaeaf. Enw y cartref yn ystod y gaeaf oedd Hendref. 

Roedd y ddau gartref wedi eu gwneud o goed. Doedd dim Ilawer o ddodrefn gyda nhw yn eu cartrefi, felly roedd yn hawdd iddyn nhw symud. Hefyd, pan fyddai gelynion yn ymosod arnynt, roedden nhw’n gallu dianc yn gyflym gyda’u holl anifeiliaid. Doedden nhw ddim yn colli Ilawer pan fyddai’r gelvnion yn llosgi eu cartreti. 

Geirfa – Vocabulary

porfa – pasture (digon o borfa – enough pasture) 
byddai – would be 
gwartheg - cattle 
pori - to graze 
cysgodol - sheltered 
dodrefn – furniture (llawer o ddodrefn – a lot of furniture) 
hawdd – easy 
gelynion – enemies 
ymosod (ar) – to attack 
dianc – to escape 
pan fyddai gelynion – when enemies would 

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Cerys Matthews - Calon Lân

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the Mabinogion audio collection

The audio download version of the 4 CD collection 'Mabinogion, the Four Branches' is available now at

www.themabinogion.com

It also includes the bonus audio 'Introduction to the Mabinogion'. Here's some more from the website:

After reading, recording, and listening to the Four Branches of the Mabinogion, I'm amazed that the world isn't full of Manga comics, Hollywood blockbusters, bestselling novels, sticker collections, trading cards, and fantasy role-playing games based on this quite astonishing collection of Welsh tales. 

The breadth and imagination of these stories is really quite amazing - How many other stories can boast such a heady collection of wizards, body-swapping, bitter curses, deep revenge lasting for generations, a giant, a cauldron of immortality, murder plots, princes, kings and even pig-embezzlement? 

Not to mention a woman made from flowers by two wizards as a wife for a man cursed by his mother from ever marrying another human being. A man who can only be killed by a spear which has been crafted for one year and this while he stands with one leg on a bath and the other on the back of a young goat? 

The Mabinogion is a collection of tales, told over generations, recorded in two manuscripts; Llyfr Coch Hergest (the Red Book of Hergest) and Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch (The White Book of Rhydderch). Translated into English by Lady Charlotte Guest, they contain a large number of tales from the Welsh storytelling tradition. Strictly speaking, however, the term Mabinogi (Mabinogion was mistakenly taken as the plural of Mabinogi by Lady Charlotte Guest) refers to the Four Branches recorded here. 

The Mabinogion begins with the tale of Pwyll, Prince of Dyfed. Pwyll changes places with a King of Annwfn, the Otherworld. He also meets Rhiannon for the first time, who appears on a charmed horse which cannot be caught by even the fastest rider. 

The Second Branch concerns Branwen, her brother Bendigeidfran (a giant) and the terrible fate which follows her marriage to the King of Ireland. 

In The Third Branch a castle appears where none has ever been seen before, charms are cast and deep revenge is played out. 

The fourth branch concerns Blodeuwedd, the Woman of Flowers; 

'So they took the the blossoms of the oak, and the blossoms of the broom, and the blossoms of the meadow-sweet, and produced from them a maiden, the fairest and most graceful that man ever saw. And they baptized her, and gave her the name of Blodeuwedd.' 

This is probably the first time that the Four Branches has been recorded as an audio collection, which in my opinion is the way it was always meant to be experienced; to be heard. Long before the stories were ever written down, Welsh storytellers would enthrall audiences with tales of Pwyll, Rhiannon, Bendigeidfran, Branwen, and their adventures. I hope this collection captures the spirit and wonder of these ancient tales. Diolch yn fawr. 

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Idiomau - idioms

cadw clecs - to gossip
 
cadw swn - to make a noise
 
bwrw glaw - to rain
 
bwrw eira - to snow
 
bwrw cesair - to hail
 
bwrw'r Sul - to spend the weekend

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'Cnoc, cnoc!' - 'Pwy sydd yno?' - 'Dan' - 'Dan pwy?' - 'Dan dwr!'

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Bugeilio'r Gwenith Gwyn

Ah, prynhawn dydd Gwener.
Dyma Mary Hopkin, a'r gân enwog gan Wil Hopkin.

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Gwleidyddiaeth - Politics

Mae gwleidyddiaeth yng Nghymru yn wahanol i Loegr. Ers i ni gael y Senedd mae dau Brif Weinidog gyda ni; un yn Lloegr ac un yng Nghymru!
 
Dyma enwau'r pleidiau yng Nghymru:
 
Y Blaid Lafur
Plaid Cymru
Y Democratiaid Rhyddfrydol
Y Ceidwadwyr
 
Ydych chi'n gwybod pwy sy'n eu arwain nhw yng Nghymru?
 
Geirfa:
 
Gwleidyddiaeth - politics
gwahanol - different
ers i ni gael - since we have had
Y Senedd - The Senate
Prif Weinidog - Prime Minister*
Plaid - party
Pleidiau - parties
Y Blaid Lafur - The Labour Party
Plaid Cymru - The Party of Wales
Y Democratiaid Rhyddfrydol - The Liberal Democrats
Y Ceidwadwyr = The Conservatives
arwain - to lead
 
*In English the Welsh 'Prif Weinidog' is referred to as our 'First Minister'. In Welsh, hovever his title is 'Prime Minister'!

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Trwyddedau - Licences

Mae'n edrych fel bod eisiau trwydded am bopeth heddiw.
Mae trwydded yrru, trwydded deithio, a thrwydded deledu.
Ond heddiw does dim eisiau trwydded radio neu trwydded gi.
 
Jôc:
Amser maith yn ôl prynais i drwydded gi am hanner pris.
Pam am hanned pris?
Wel roedd y ci yn un du a gwyn!
 
Geirfa - Vocabulary
Trwydded - licence
Trwydded yrru - driving licence
Trwydded deithio - passport
trwydded gi - dog licence
hanner pris - half price

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Idiomau - Idioms

gyda llaw - by the way
 
gweld eisiau - to miss (someone or something)
Wi'n gweld eisiau John. I miss John.
 
chwerthin am ben - to laugh at someone
Roedden nhw'n chwerthin am fy mhen. - They were laughing at me.
 
Rhoi'r gorau i - to give up something
 
W i wedi rhoi'r gorau i ysmygu - I've given up smoking.
 
Wyt ti erioed wedi rhoi'r gorau i unrhyw beth?
 
Geirfa - Vocabulary
erioed - ever
unrhyw beth - anything

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Meinir Gwilym - Erwan

Dyma Meinir Gwilym yn canu 'Erwan', gan Meic Stevens. Mwynhewch.


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